AFR Modeling of EFI Engine Based on Engine Dynamics, Vehicle Dynamics, and Transmission System
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21063/jtm.2017.v7.i1.19-28Kata Kunci:
EFI engine, Fuzzy Logic, AFR, fuel cut-offAbstrak
During this time, the AFR control systems on the Ligh Duty Vehicles (LDVs) generally only engage the engine condition, such as manifold pressure, engine speed. In fact, fuel consumption is not only influenced by the engine dynamics but also influenced by outside factors such as gear position (transmission) and vehicle speed. Therefore, this paper presents a simulation to control the Air to Fuel Ratio (AFR) on Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) engine that accommodated engine dynamics, vehicle speed dynamics, and gear position dynamics (transmission). Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) was selected for AFR modeling because of the engine work in a non-linear condition. The simulation results show that the model developed is able to control the AFR on the vehicle speed changes. Even, the system is able to perform fuel cut-off at the time of deceleration from high speeds.
Referensi
J. G. Tamba and D. Njomo, “Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Cameroon’s Road Transport Sector,” Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology, vol. 2, no. 6, pp. 475–488, 2012.
S. Shahid, A. Minhans, and O. C. Puan, “Assessment of greenhouse gas emission reduction measures in transportation sector of Malaysia,” Jurnal Teknologi, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 1–8, 2014.
R. . Colvile, E. . Hutchinson, J. . Mindell, and R. . Warren, “The transport sector as a source of air pollution,” Atmospheric Environment, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 1537–1565, Mar. 2001.
GFEI, “Improving Vehicle Fuel Economy in the ASEAN Region,” London, 2010.
G. E. Tverberg, “Oil supply limits and the continuing financial crisis,” Energy, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 27–34, 2012.
M. Messagie, K. Lebeau, T. Coosemans, C. Macharis, and J. Van Mierlo, “Environmental and financial evaluation of passenger vehicle technologies in Belgium,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 5020–5033, 2013.
J. Gonder and A. Simpson, “Measuring and Reporting Fuel Economy of Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles,” in International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS-22), 2006, no. October, pp. 134–141.
I. E. A. ETSAP, “Ethanol Internal Combustion Engines,” Technology Brief T06, no. June, pp. 1–6, 2010.
J. Rawat, P. V. C. Rao, and N. V Choudary, “Effect of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on Corrosion Rate in the Presence of Different Materials of Construction used for Transportation,” SAE Technical Paper, vol. 2008-28–1, no. November, 2008.
L. Fahmi and M. Setiyo, “Pengaruh campuran ethanol pada laju korosi tangki bahan bakar,” in Semnastek, 2015, no. November, pp. 1–6.
K. E. Egeback, M. Henke, B. Rehnlund, M. Wallin, and R. Westerholm, “Blending of Ethanol in Gasoline for Spark Ignition Engines Evaporative Measurements,” Haninge, 2005.
J. Yanowitz and R. L. Mccormick, “Effect of E85 on Tailpipe Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles Effect of E85 on Tailpipe Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles,” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, vol. 59, no. 2, pp. 172–182, 2009.
M. Setiyo, S. Soeparman, N. Hamidi, and S. Wahyudi, “Techno-economic analysis of liquid petroleum gas fueled vehicles as public transportation in Indonesia,” International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 495–500, 2016.
World LPG Association, “Autogas Incentive Policies, 2015 Update,” Neuilly-sur-Seine, 2015.
M. Masi and P. Gobbato, “Measure of the volumetric efficiency and evaporator device performance for a liquefied petroleum gas spark ignition engine,” Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 60, pp. 18–27, 2012.
B. Ebrahimi, R. Tafreshi, H. Masudi, M. Franchek, and J. Mohammadpour, “Control Engineering Practice A parameter-varying filtered PID strategy for air – fuel ratio control of spark ignition engines,” Control Engineering Practice, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 805–815, 2012.
Z. Yang and X. Wu, “Retrofits and options for the alternatives to HCFC-22,” Energy, vol. 59, no. 2013, pp. 1–21, 2013.
S. W. Wang, D. L. Yu, J. B. Gomm, G. F. Page, and S. S. Douglas, “Adaptive neural network model based predictive control for air-fuel ratio of SI engines,” Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 189–200, 2006.
A. Triwiyatno, E. W. Sinuraya, J. D. Setiawan, and S. Munahar, “Smart controller design of air to fuel ratio (AFR) and brake control system on gasoline engine,” in ICITACEE 2015 - 2nd International Conference on Information Technology, Computer, and Electrical Engineering, 2016, pp. 233–238.
C. G. Foster, O. C. Cromer, G. C. Cromer, and K. W. Purdy, “Automobile,” Encyclopædia Britannica. [Online]. Available: https://www.britannica.com/technology/automobile. [Accessed: 11-Dec-2016].
T. M. Guerra, A. Kruszewski, L. Vermeiren, and H. Tirmant, “Conditions of output stabilization for nonlinear models in the Takagi-Sugeno’s form,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 157, no. 9, pp. 1248–1259, 2006.
M. Zhou, H. Jin, and W. Wang, “A review of vehicle fuel consumption models to evaluate eco-driving and eco-routing,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 49, pp. 203–218, 2016.
Y.-J. Zhai and D.-L. Yu, “Neural network model-based automotive engine air/fuel ratio control and robustness evaluation,” Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 171–180, 2009.
E. Hendricks, D. Engler, and M. Fam, “A generic mean value engine model for spark ignition engines,” in Proceedings of the 41st Simulation Conference SIMS, 2000.
C. Manzie, M. Palaniswami, D. Ralph, H. Watson, and X. Yi, “Model predictive control of a fuel injection system with a radial basis function network observer,” Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, Transactions of the ASME, vol. 124, no. 4, pp. 648–658, 2002.
MathWorks, “Modeling Engine Timing Using Triggered Subsystems.” www.mathworks.com, 2016.
Unduhan
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
